| 1 | 1845 | - 1845—1852: The Irish Potato Famine or the Great Famine was a period of mass starvation, disease and emigration, approximately 1 million people died and a million more emigrated from Ireland.
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| 2 | 1846 | - 10 Sep 1846: The sewing machine is patented by Elias Howe
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| 3 | 1850 | - 1 Jun 1850: Ship Scindian arrives with first convicts for Swan River Colony, numbering 75.
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| 4 | 1851 | - 1851—1861: Victorian gold rush.
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| 5 | 1856 | - 1856: Neanderthal man first identified.
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| 6 | 1859 | - 24 Nov 1859: Charles Darwin publishes \'The Origin of Species\'
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| 7 | 1861 | - 1861—1865: American Civil War between the Union and seceding Confederacy.
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| 8 | 1862 | - 20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
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| 9 | 1864 | - 20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention
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| 10 | 1865 | - 14 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford\'s Theatre by John Wilkes Booth
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| 11 | 1866 | - 1866: Alfred Nobel patented dynamite
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| 12 | 1868 | - 9 Jan 1868: Transportation of convicts from England to Australia ends. Last ship Hougoumont docked at Fremantle, Western Australia.
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| 13 | 1870 | - 3 Jan 1870: Official acceptance of flag of Western Australia.
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| 14 | 1876 | - 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
- 1876: Nikolas August Otto designed the first four-stroke piston engine
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| 15 | 1877 | - 1877: Edison invents microphone and phonograph
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| 16 | 1878 | - 1878: Edison & Swan invent electric lamp
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| 17 | 1880 | - 11 Nov 1880: Ned Kelly hung at the Melbourne Gaol.
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| 18 | 1883 | - 1883: Statue of Liberty presented to USA by France
- 27 Aug 1883: Eruption of Krakatoa near Java - 30,000 killed by tidal wave
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| 19 | 1884 | - 1884: Mark Twain publishes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
- 31 May 1884: John Harvey Kellogg patents corn flakes
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| 20 | 1885 | - 1885: Carl Benz builds the \'Motorwagen\', a single-cylinder motor car
- 1885: Gottlieb Daimler patents the world\'s first motorcycle
- 6 Jun 1885: First Australian rules football match played.
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| 21 | 1886 | - 1886: "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" by Robert Louis Stevenson is published.
- 1886: Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage later named Coca-Cola
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| 22 | 1887 | - 1887: Emile Berliner patents the gramophone
- 1887: An Australian cricket team is established, defeating England in the first Ashes series.
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| 23 | 1888 | - 1888: Celluloid photographic film introduced
- 1888: Jack the Ripper murders occur in Whitechapel, London.
- 1888: Dunlop invents pneumatic tyre
- 1888: First box camera - George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak, and receives a patent for his camera which uses roll film
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| 24 | 1889 | - 31 Mar 1889: Eiffel Tower completed (to mark centenary of French Revolution)
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| 25 | 1890 | - 1890: The cardboard box is invented.
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| 26 | 1891 | - 1891: A National Australasian Convention meets, agrees on adopting the name "the Commonwealth of Australia" and drafting a constitution.
- 24 Aug 1891: Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera
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| 27 | 1892 | - 1892: Leon Bouly invents cinematographic film camera
- 17 Sep 1892: Gold found at Coolgardie by Arthur Bayley.
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| 28 | 1893 | - 14 Jun 1893: Paddy Hannan finds Gold at Kalgoorlie.
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| 29 | 1896 | - 1896: Olympic Games revived in Athens.
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| 30 | 1898 | - 1898: First motor car arrives in Perth, Western Australia.
- 1898: H. G. Wells publishes The War of the Worlds.
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| 31 | 1900 | - 1900: The constitution is passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom as a schedule to the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act, and is given royal assent.
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| 32 | 1901 | - 1901: Australia becomes a federation on 1 January. Edmund Barton becomes Prime Minister; the 7th Earl of Hopetoun becomes Governor-General.
- 1901: The Australian National Flag was flown for the first time.
- Jan 1901: Queen Victoria's death.
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1846 - 1903 (56 years)