William Thomas FREE

Hannah LYLE

Birth | UNKNOWN | |||
Died | DECEASED | |||
Family | John HUGHES, b. UNKNOWN | |||
Married | UNKNOWN | |||
Children |
|
|||
Albert FREE

Mary Matilda YOUNG

Birth | 18 Jul 1872 | Preston, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||
Died | 17 Aug 1937 | Preston, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||
Father | James Thomas YOUNG, b. 29 Jul 1827, Aston, Rowant, Oxford, England | |||||||||||||||||
Mother | Ann Elizabeth SHEPHERD, b. 2 Nov 1834, Britwell Salome, Oxfordshire, England | |||||||||||||||||
Married | 26 May 1851 | Coburg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||
Family | Albert FREE, b. 22 Feb 1862, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||||
Married | 24 Nov 1890 | East Preston, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||||
Elizabeth Anne FREE

Birth | 20 Apr 1865 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Died | 26 Aug 1867 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Cause: Chronic Hepatitis | ||
Buried | 27 Aug 1867 | Cemetery, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
John William FREE

Birth | 7 Jul 1867 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Christened | 6 Oct 1867 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Died | 2 Jan 1884 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Buried | Jan 1884 | Cemetery, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
James FREE

Birth | 10 Apr 1869 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Died | 14 Apr 1869 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Buried | 14 Apr 1869 | Cemetery, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
William Thomas FREE

Birth | 4 Sep 1870 | Bungaree, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Christened | 6 Nov 1870 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Died | 18 Aug 1925 | Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Buried | 19 Aug 1925 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Family | Louisa Ellen FISHER, b. 8 Apr 1871 | |||||||
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
Louisa Ellen FISHER

Birth | 8 Apr 1871 | |||||||
Died | 1924 | East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Father | Daniel FISHER, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||
Mother | Rhoda BAILEY, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||
Family | William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
Harriet Etty FREE

Birth | 24 Jan 1873 | Bungaree, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Christened | 25 May 1873 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Died | Jul 1968 | Inglewood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Buried | 1 Aug 1968 | Cemetery, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
Family 2 | John Ormond MILLER, b. 25 Apr 1874, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia | |||||||
Married | 10 Dec 1896 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
John Ormond MILLER

Birth | 25 Apr 1874 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Died | 1943 | Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Father | William MILLER, b. Oct 1839, Kirkwall, Orkney, Scotland | |||||||
Mother | Eliza MUIR, b. 10 Aug 1841, Sanday, Orkney, Scotland | |||||||
Married | 24 Mar 1863 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Family | Harriet Etty FREE, b. 24 Jan 1873, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||
Married | 10 Dec 1896 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
Samuel Charles FREE

Birth | 10 Nov 1874 | Bungaree, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Christened | 28 Feb 1875 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 17 Apr 1922 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cause: Stomach Cancer | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Buried | 18 Apr 1922 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Family | Newryll Florence GOLGERTH, b. 1 Jul 1881, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
Married | 28 Aug 1899 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Newryll Florence GOLGERTH

Birth | 1 Jul 1881 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 9 May 1948 | Kew, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Buried | 1948 | Coburg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Father | Carl Herman Otto GOLGERTH, b. 17 Sep 1856, Emerald Hill, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mother | Margret Mary HODGE, b. 30 Apr 1859, Hepburn, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
Married | 7 Apr 1881 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Family | Samuel Charles FREE, b. 10 Nov 1874, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||||||||
Married | 28 Aug 1899 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Lily Louisa FREE

Birth | 26 Oct 1876 | Bungaree, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Christened | 17 Aug 1890 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Died | 4 Sep 1961 | Coburg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Buried | 1961 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||||||
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||||||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Family | John Charles Christian KUPSCH, b. 3 Sep 1872, Northcote, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||
Married | 4 Jul 1894 | North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||
John Charles Christian KUPSCH

Birth | 3 Sep 1872 | Northcote, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Christened | 3 Sep 1872 | Gowerville, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Died | 15 Nov 1959 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Buried | 17 Nov 1959 | Fawkner, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Father | Johann Charles Henry KUPSCH, b. 10 May 1847, Radnica, Prussia | |||||||||||||||
Mother | Ann Eliza YOUNG, b. 20 Nov 1851, Merri Creek, Preston, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||
Married | 26 Jan 1871 | Preston, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Family | Lily Louisa FREE, b. 26 Oct 1876, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||||||
Married | 4 Jul 1894 | North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||
Hannah Rachel FREE

Birth | 30 Jun 1879 | Bungaree, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Christened | 17 Aug 1890 | Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Died | 13 Sep 1964 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Buried | 15 Sep 1964 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||
Mother | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Family | George WILSON, b. 6 May 1874, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||
Married | 5 Nov 1898 | North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||
George WILSON

Birth | 6 May 1874 | North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Died | Jul 1949 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Buried | 1949 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Father | George WILSON, b. 1846, Gothenburg, Västra Götaland, Sweden | |||||||||||
Mother | Ellen HEPBURN, b. 1850, Canterbury, Kent, England | |||||||||||
Married | 25 Oct 1871 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Family | Hannah Rachel FREE, b. 30 Jun 1879, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||||
Married | 5 Nov 1898 | North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||
John FREE

Birth | 29 May 1836 | Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Christened | 29 May 1836 | Great Eversden, Cambridgeshire, England ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Died | 11 Dec 1924 | North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Cause: Senile Decay | ||||||||||||||||||||
Buried | 12 Dec 1924 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Father | John FREE, b. 24 Mar 1796, Harrington, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Mother | Elizabeth MILLER, b. 26 Jul 1797, Abington Pigotts, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Married | 16 Nov 1823 | Harrington, Cambridgeshire, England ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Family | Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Rachel HILL

Birth | 25 Apr 1839 | Totton, Hampshire, England ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Died | 2 Apr 1918 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Cause: Heart Failure | ||||||||||||||||||||
Buried | 4 Apr 1918 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Father | John Giles HILL, b. 1810, Somerset, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Mother | Hannah Anne HUGHES, b. 1809, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Married | 24 Sep 1829 | St.James, Bristol, England ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Family | John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England | |||||||||||||||||||
Married | 27 Aug 1857 | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||||||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Louisa Ellen FISHER

Birth | 8 Apr 1871 | |||||||
Died | 1924 | East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Father | Daniel FISHER, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||
Mother | Rhoda BAILEY, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||
Family | William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||
Children |
|
|||||||
Louisa Hannah Rhoda Rachel Bridget FREE

Birth | 1895 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Died | 1924 | Northcote, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Father | William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||
Mother | Louisa Ellen FISHER, b. 8 Apr 1871 | |||||||||
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Family | George Duncan MCKAY, b. 1893, Northcote, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||
Married | 3 Sep 1914 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||
George Duncan MCKAY

Birth | 1893 | Northcote, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Died | 1949 | Parkville, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Father | John MCKAY, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||||
Mother | Sarah TREESER, b. UNKNOWN | |||||||||
Married | UNKNOWN | |||||||||
Family | Louisa Hannah Rhoda Rachel Bridget FREE, b. 1895, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia | |||||||||
Married | 3 Sep 1914 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
||||||||
Children |
|
|||||||||
Charles Daniel William John Michael FREE

Birth | 1897 | Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Died | 1980 | Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Father | William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |
Mother | Louisa Ellen FISHER, b. 8 Apr 1871 | |
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Family | Florence Alice JUNOR, b. 1897, Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia | |
Married | 16 Jun 1923 | Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Daisy Elizabeth Madelene FREE

Birth | 1899 | Fitzroy North, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Died | 1965 | Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Father | William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia | |
Mother | Louisa Ellen FISHER, b. 8 Apr 1871 | |
Married | 20 Apr 1895 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
Family | Charles Walter George FAWKES, b. 18 Oct 1897, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia | |
Married | 11 Nov 1922 | Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia ![]() |
-
Name William Thomas FREE [1] Relationship with Rodney VOJVODICH Birth Record 1870 Victoria, Australia #14186 Birth 4 Sep 1870 Bungaree, Victoria, Australia Christening 6 Nov 1870 Victoria, Australia Gender Male Death Record 1925 Victoria, Australia #13828 Occupation Labourer Death 18 Aug 1925 Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia Burial 19 Aug 1925 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia - Melbourne General Cemetery - Uu 218
Siblings
8 siblings 1. Albert FREE, b. 22 Feb 1862, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 21 Feb 1938, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
2. Elizabeth Anne FREE, b. 20 Apr 1865, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 26 Aug 1867, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
3. John William FREE, b. 7 Jul 1867, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 2 Jan 1884, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
4. James FREE, b. 10 Apr 1869, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 14 Apr 1869, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
5. Harriet Etty FREE, b. 24 Jan 1873, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. Jul 1968, Inglewood, Victoria, Australia
6. Samuel Charles FREE, b. 10 Nov 1874, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 17 Apr 1922, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia
7. Lily Louisa FREE, b. 26 Oct 1876, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 4 Sep 1961, Coburg, Victoria, Australia
8. Hannah Rachel FREE, b. 30 Jun 1879, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 13 Sep 1964, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Origins Patriarch & Matriarch William FREE, b. UNKNOWN d. DECEASED (4 x Great Grandfather)
Hannah LYLE, b. UNKNOWN d. DECEASED (Great Grandmother)Siblings
4 brothers and 4 sisters + 1. Albert FREE, b. 22 Feb 1862, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 21 Feb 1938, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
(Age 75 years)
â–»Mary Matilda YOUNG, m. 24 Nov 1890, East Preston, Victoria, Australia2. Elizabeth Anne FREE, b. 20 Apr 1865, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 26 Aug 1867, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
(Age 2 years)
3. John William FREE, b. 7 Jul 1867, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 2 Jan 1884, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
(Age 16 years)
4. James FREE, b. 10 Apr 1869, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia d. 14 Apr 1869, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
(Age 0 years)
+ 5. William Thomas FREE, b. 4 Sep 1870, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 18 Aug 1925, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
(Age 54 years)
â–»Louisa Ellen FISHER, m. 20 Apr 1895, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia+ 6. Harriet Etty FREE, b. 24 Jan 1873, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. Jul 1968, Inglewood, Victoria, Australia
(Age 95 years)
â–»John Ormond MILLER, m. 10 Dec 1896, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia+ 7. Samuel Charles FREE, b. 10 Nov 1874, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 17 Apr 1922, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia
(Age 47 years)
â–»Newryll Florence GOLGERTH, m. 28 Aug 1899, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia+ 8. Lily Louisa FREE, b. 26 Oct 1876, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 4 Sep 1961, Coburg, Victoria, Australia
(Age 84 years)
â–»John Charles Christian KUPSCH, m. 4 Jul 1894, North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia+ 9. Hannah Rachel FREE, b. 30 Jun 1879, Bungaree, Victoria, Australia d. 13 Sep 1964, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
(Age 85 years)
â–»George WILSON, m. 5 Nov 1898, North Fitzroy, Victoria, AustraliaPerson ID I9442 MyBradyTree
Father John FREE, b. 29 May 1836, Eversdon, Cambridgeshire, England
d. 11 Dec 1924, North Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
(Age 88 years)
Mother Rachel HILL, b. 25 Apr 1839, Totton, Hampshire, England
d. 2 Apr 1918, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
(Age 78 years)
Marriage 27 Aug 1857 Ballarat, Victoria, Australia [1]
- All Saints Church
Newspaper Couple 27 Aug 1917 [2] http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/73324730 Newspaper Couple 1 Sep 1917 [3] http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/90867218 Reference Number #2393 Family ID F4166 Group Sheet | Family Chart
Family Louisa Ellen FISHER, b. 8 Apr 1871 d. 1924, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
(Age 52 years)
Marriage 20 Apr 1895 Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Children + 1. Louisa Hannah Rhoda Rachel Bridget FREE, b. 1895, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia d. 1924, Northcote, Victoria, Australia
(Age 29 years)
â–» George Duncan MCKAY m. 3 Sep 1914> 2. Charles Daniel William John Michael FREE, b. 1897, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia d. 1980, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
(Age 83 years)
â–» Florence Alice JUNOR m. 16 Jun 1923> 3. Daisy Elizabeth Madelene FREE, b. 1899, Fitzroy North, Victoria, Australia d. 1965, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
(Age 66 years)
â–» Charles Walter George FAWKES m. 11 Nov 1922Family ID F4171 Group Sheet | Family Chart
-
Event Map Click to hide Birth Record - #14186 - 1870 - Victoria, Australia Birth - 4 Sep 1870 - Bungaree, Victoria, Australia Christening - 6 Nov 1870 - Victoria, Australia Marriage - 20 Apr 1895 - Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia Death Record - #13828 - 1925 - Victoria, Australia Death - 18 Aug 1925 - Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia Burial - 19 Aug 1925 - Melbourne, Victoria, Australia = Link to Google Earth
Pin Legend : Address
: Location
: City/Town
: County/Shire
: State/Province
: Country
: Not Set
Reference Your Name Here. "William Thomas FREE". Brady Family Tree in Western Australia. https://bradyfamilytree.org/genealogy/getperson.php?personID=I9442&tree=BRADY2008 (accessed March 30, 2025).
Sources - [S850] VIC - Pioneers Index CD 1837 - 1888.
- [S954] Trove, Family Notices. (1917, August 27). The Ballarat Courier (Vic. : 1914 - 1918), p. 2 Edition: DAILY.. Retrieved June 14, 2014, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article73324730.
- [S954] Trove, Family Notices. (1917, September 1). Leader (Melbourne, Vic. : 1914 - 1918), p. 54 Edition: TOWN and WEEKLY. Retrieved June 14, 2014, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article90867218.
This site powered by The Next Generation of Genealogy Sitebuilding v. 15.0, written by Darrin Lythgoe © 2001-2025.
Brady Family Tree in Western Australia - created and maintained by Darryl Brady Copyright © 1998-2025 All rights reserved.